How do you convert alkenes to alcohol?
How do you convert alkenes to alcohol?
Alkenes can be converted to alcohols by the net addition of water across the double bond.
What is the type of reaction that happens when an alkene is treated with mercury acetate in aqueous THF?
Oxymercuration is the reaction of an alkene with mercury(II) acetate in aqueous THF, followed by reduction with sodium borohydride.
Is mercury acetate soluble?
Mercury(II) acetate
| Names | |
|---|---|
| Density | 3.28 g/cm3, solid |
| Melting point | 179 °C (354 °F; 452 K) (decomposes) |
| Solubility in water | 25 g/100 mL (10 °C) 100 g/100 mL (100 °C) |
| Solubility | soluble in alcohol, diethyl ether |
What type of product is formed by Oxymercuration Demercuration of an alkene?
Oxymercuration-demercuration: A reaction in which an alkene is reacted with a Hg2+ salt and an oxygen nucleophile (water or an alcohol), to form an organomercury intermediate. The intermediate’s carbon-mercury bond is then converted to a carbon-hydrogen bond by treatment with NaBH4.
What type of reaction is Oxymercuration?
The oxymercuration reaction is an electrophilic addition organic reaction that transforms an alkene into a neutral alcohol.
What is the product of this Alkoxymercuration Demercuration reaction?
Alkoxymercuration-demercuration is a reaction in which an alkene (a compound containing a carbon-carbon double bond) is reacted with an alcohol in the presence of mercuric acetate that initially yields what’s called an alkoxymercury intermediate, which produces an ether after reduction with sodium borohydride.
What is the Oxymercuration reduction?
Alkenes do not undergo hydration upon treatment with water even at very high temperatures. Reaction of the alkene with water in the presence of a strong-acid catalyst. Using an indirect method, such as oxymercuration-reduction, also known as oxymercuration-demercuration or, simply, oxymercuration.
What does THF do as a reagent?
Ethyl ether or THF are essential for Grignard reagent formation. Lone pair electrons from two ether molecules form a complex with the magnesium in the Grignard reagent (As pictured below). This complex helps stabilize the organometallic and increases its ability to react.
What is the function of THF?
THF is widely used as a solvent for special resins such as photosensitive resins, because even at room temperature it can dissolve various resins, and it is miscible with water and most organic solvents. In, addition, it is used as a solvent for Grignard and Wittig reactions.
What is the purpose of THF?
Tetrahydrofuran is a versatile solvent, which is one of its main uses. It acts as an industrial solvent for making polyvinyl chloride (PVC), the plastic that the majority of indoor plumbing is made out of, and it also dissolves PVC, and therefore is a primary ingredient in PVC adhesives.
Is THF corrosive?
The acute toxicity of THF is low to moderate by all routes. Irreversible corrosive damage to the eye can result from direct contact. However, THF is neither a skin irritant, nor sensitizer.
What is the chemical THF?
Oxolane
Is THF volatile?
Tetrahydrofuran appears as a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor. It is a member of oxolanes, a saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent, a cyclic ether and a volatile organic compound.
How do you dry THF?
Add sodium wire and benzophenone to a volume of THF (pre-dried over calcium hydride or 4A molecular sieves), heat at reflux/under nitrogen for several hours until the solvent turns deep blue in colour. This indicates the solvent is dry, and you can distill off the volume you require.
Is THF a green solvent?
In the early 21st century, typical ether solvents such as diethylether, tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME) and 1,4-dioxane were used widely – their high solubility made them popular agents in synthesis.
How do I store my THF?
THF must be stored in an air-impermeable container and placed in a dark area to prevent further promotion of the peroxide-forming reaction. Suitable fire control devices (such as fire extinguishers) must be available at locations where flammable or combustible liquids are stored.
Is tetrahydrofuran an oxidizer?
THF vapors may form explosive air mixtures at concentrations of 2-12% by volume. When exposed to air, THF may form explosive peroxides if concentrated by distillation or evaporation. Light exposure may also exacerbate peroxide formation. THF may react violently with strong oxidizers.
What is the greenest solvent?
water
What type of characteristics should a green solvent have?
Ethyl lactate is a particularly attractive solvent for the coatings industry as a result of its high solvency power, high boiling point, low vapor pressure, and low surface tension. It is a desirable coating for wood, polystyrene, and metals and also acts as a very effective paint stripper and graffiti remover.
Which is not a green solvent for chromatography?
The two most benign solvents for chromatography are water and carbon dioxide. There are several possibilities to increase the percentage of water in the mobile phase at the expense of organic modifiers. An example is superheated (or subcritical) water chromatography at temperatures of 100 to 250 °C.