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2021-06-17

What is made by weathering?

What is made by weathering?

Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes in temperature are all agents of weathering.

What type of sedimentary rock is formed from weathered particles of rocks and minerals?

Clastic

What kind of weathering process produces clay minerals?

Illite type clays are formed from weathering of K and Al-rich rocks under high pH conditions. Thus, they form by alteration of minerals like muscovite and feldspar.

What type of weathering is water dissolves minerals in rocks?

Chemical Weathering

What is the biggest cause of weathering and erosion?

Plant and animal life, atmosphere and water are the major causes of weathering. Weathering breaks down and loosens the surface minerals of rock so they can be transported away by agents of erosion such as water, wind and ice. There are two types of weathering: mechanical and chemical.

What are the 4 major forces of erosion?

The four forces of erosion are water, wind, glaciers, and gravity. Water is responsible for most erosion. Water can move most sizes of sediments, depending on the strength of the force. Wind moves sand-sized and smaller pieces of rock through the air.

What animals cause biological weathering?

Burrowing animals like shrews, moles, earthworms, and even ants contribute to biological weathering. In particular, these animals create holes on the ground by excavation and move the rock fragments to the surface.

What are the factors that affect the rate of erosion?

Major factors that affect the amount of erosion are soil cloddiness, surface roughness, wind speed, soil moisture, field size, and vegetative cover.

What are the five main factors that affect soil erosion?

These factors include: rainfall, soil type, landscape, crops, and farm management. There is an equation to predict the soil loss from fields using these five factors. I would like to discuss each of these factors with you and explain how they effect soil erosion.

What are two factors that determine the rate of stream erosion?

Both natural and human- caused factors affect the amount of erosion a stream may experience. Natural factors include the gradient (or steepness) of the streambed since that affects the speed of the flow of water. Rainfall and snowmelt affect the amount of water in a stream as well as the speed of the flow.

What 3 factors affect how fast a river flows?

What three factors affect how fast a river flows and how much sediment it can erode? A river’s slope, volume of flow, and the shape of its streambed.

What two factors most affect stream discharge?

There are several factors that affect stream discharge. The velocity of the water affects it; faster water means more passes per second so more discharge. The width and depth of the river also affects it; a larger river at the same speed will have higher discharge.

What increases stream discharge?

As the amount of water in a stream increases, the stream must adjust its velocity and cross sectional area in order to form a balance. Discharge increases as more water is added through rainfall, tributary streams, or from groundwater seeping into the stream.

What increases river discharge?

As the rain starts to get heavy, the soil may be saturated, thus there is an increase in surface run off. This causes water to start flowing into the river channel, causing the level of discharge to increase, making the line go up positively.

What factors affect stream flow?

Streamflow is always changing Of course, the main influence on streamflow is precipitation runoff in the watershed. Rainfall causes rivers to rise, and a river can even rise if it only rains very far up in the watershed – remember that water that falls in a watershed will eventually drain by the outflow point.

What are the 3 types of streams?

8 Different Types of Streams

  • Alluvial Fans. When a stream leaves an area that is relatively steep and enters one that is almost entirely flat, this is called an alluvial fan.
  • Braided Streams.
  • Deltas.
  • Ephemeral Streams.
  • Intermittent Streams.
  • Meandering Streams.
  • Perennial Streams.
  • Straight Channel Streams.

Why should water flow in a slow stream?

Flow directly affects the amount of oxygen dissolved in the water. The amount of sediment and debris a stream can carry also depends on its flow since higher velocity increases stream bank and stream channel scouring and erosion, and also keeps particulate materials suspended in the water.

What factors can have the greatest effect on the health of a river system?

Many factors affect water quality

  • Sedimentation.
  • Runoff.
  • Erosion.
  • Dissolved oxygen.
  • pH.
  • Temperature.
  • Decayed organic materials.
  • Pesticides.

Which is Earth’s largest source of drinkable water?

groundwater

Which factor has the greatest effect on a community stores of freshwater?

the average annual rainfall. Explanation: It is defined as the annual amount of precipitation for a location over a year. Fresh water community obtained its storage as precipitation from the atmosphere of rain, mist and snow..

Which is the most likely effect of too many nutrients flowing into a lake?

Water bodies require some nutrients to be healthy, but too much can be harmful. When lakes receive an overabundance of nutrients, they can become polluted by excessive amounts of algae. Die-off and decomposition of algae blooms can reduce dissolved oxygen and suffocate fish and other aquatic life.

What is made by weathering?

Weathering describes the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the Earth. Water, ice, acids, salts, plants, animals, and changes in temperature are all agents of weathering.

How sediments are produced by weathering and erosion?

Erosion and weathering transform boulders and even mountains into sediments, such as sand or mud. Dissolution is a form of weathering—chemical weathering. With this process, water that is slightly acidic slowly wears away stone. These three processes create the raw materials for new, sedimentary rocks.

What rocks are formed from weathered products?

sedimentary rocks

What are the three products of chemical weathering?

As you can see from the above, clay minerals and oxide minerals (including quartz) are the most common byproducts of chemical weathering….

  • Iron oxides, Aluminum oxides – such as hematite Fe2O3, and gibbsite Al(OH)3.
  • Quartz*
  • Clay Minerals.
  • Muscovite*
  • Alkali Feldspar*
  • Biotite*
  • Amphiboles*
  • Pyroxenes*

How do you stop slope creep?

Cover exposed soil with a variety of plants — trees, shrubs, perennials and annuals — to create a barrier that stops soil movement from both wind and water. The plants’ roots will hold the soil in place, as well. Lay mulch or stone between plants to provide additional coverage of exposed dirt.

How can improvements in slopes be achieved?

Sheet piles and retaining wall structures can be installed to provide lateral support and to increase the stability. Stabilization of the soil helps in enhancing the stability of slopes. Other relative inexpensive methods like for slope flattening and drainage control may be usually applied.

What else can influence slope stability?

Slope stability is ultimately determined by two factors: the angle of the slope and the strength of the materials on it. In Figure 15.2c, the slope is steeper still, so the shear force is considerably greater than the shear strength, and the block will very likely move.

How do you fix slope failure?

Below are some of the common methods used for slope failure mitigation and repair:

  1. Drainage. Contractors who know what they’re doing will always draw up drainage plans to complement their slope repair plans.
  2. Terracing & Benching.
  3. Retaining Walls.
  4. Friction Piles.
  5. Sheet Piling.
  6. Rock Bolts.
  7. Shotcrete.
  8. Geo-grid.

How does slope failure occur?

Slope failures occur when driving forces overcome resisting forces. The driving force is typically gravity, and the resisting force is the slope material’s shear strength. Weathered geology: Weak, weathered bedrock, jointed rock, or bedrock that dips parallel to the slope can decrease stability.