What is true of homologous chromosomes?
What is true of homologous chromosomes?
Homologous chromosomes are matched pairs containing genes for the same traits in identical locations along their length. Diploid organisms inherit one copy of each homologous chromosome from each parent; all together, they are considered a full set of chromosomes.
Are homologous chromosomes identical copies?
These pairs are called homologous chromosomes and carry information for the same genes, but they are not exactly identical in their DNA sequence. During the synthesis or ‘S’ phase of the cell cycle, all the DNA in the cell is duplicated, so each chromosome now has an exact copy, in addition to having a homologous pair.
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is correct?
Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycle
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is correct? | They have genes for the same traits at the same loci. |
| Humans have 46 chromosomes. This number of chromosomes will be found in _____. | liver cells |
What is an exact copy of a chromosome?
As a cell prepares to divide, it must make a copy of each of its chromosomes. The two copies of a chromosome are called sister chromatids. The sister chromatids are identical to one another and are attached to each other by proteins called cohesins.
What happens when a cell duplicates one chromosome?
During mitosis, a cell duplicates all of its contents, including its chromosomes, and splits to form two identical daughter cells. Because this process is so critical, the steps of mitosis are carefully controlled by a number of genes. When mitosis is not regulated correctly, health problems such as cancer can result.
Is a sperm a haploid or diploid?
In humans, cells other than human sex cells, are diploid and have 23 pairs of chromosomes. Human sex cells (egg and sperm cells) contain a single set of chromosomes and are known as haploid.
How many chromosomes are in parent cell mitosis?
46 chromosomes
How many chromosomes did each of your daughter cells contain?
46
How many chromosomes are there in G2 phase?
What happens during S phase of mitosis?
S phase. In S phase, the cell synthesizes a complete copy of the DNA in its nucleus. It also duplicates a microtubule-organizing structure called the centrosome. The centrosomes help separate DNA during M phase.
Where does s phase occur?
The S phase of a cell cycle occurs during interphase, before mitosis or meiosis, and is responsible for the synthesis or replication of DNA. In this way, the genetic material of a cell is doubled before it enters mitosis or meiosis, allowing there to be enough DNA to be split into daughter cells.