What makes someone a good candidate for an insulin pump? The one absolute requirement for using a pump is that you and/or your caregivers are ready and willing to do what it takes to use the pump safely. Most diabetes providers and insurance companies require that you check your blood glucose at least four times […]

What does acanthostega mean? spiny roof What are some of the traits that can be found in the acanthostega? Acanthostega also had a deep tail which sported a large bony fin. In short, it had a tail suited for swimming, a fish’s spine and paddle-like limbs. A primarily, if not exclusively, aquatic lifestyle for Acanthostega […]

How lichen is formed? Lichens are formed from a combination of a fungal partner (mycobiont) and an algal partner (phycobiont). For a lichen to reproduce, but the fungus and the alga must disperse together. Lichens reproduce in two basic ways. Firstly, a lichen may produce soredia, or a cluster of algal cells wrapped in fungal […]

What is the role of carnitine? The main function of carnitine is the transfer of long-chain fatty acids to mitochondria for subsequent β-oxidation [1]. Carnitine also binds acyl residues deriving from the intermediary metabolism of amino acids and help in their elimination functioning as a scavenger [2]. What is the role of carnitine in lipid […]

How is bacterial DNA prepared for use in gene transfer? In a typical cloning experiment, a target gene is inserted into a circular piece of DNA called a plasmid. The plasmid is introduced into bacteria via a process called transformation, and bacteria carrying the plasmid are selected using antibiotics. What techniques are used to get […]

How does the duodenum buffer the acidic gastric chyme? How does the duodenum buffer the acidic gastric chyme? Absorption of HCl by intestinal mucosal. Secretion of bicarbonate-rich mucosal mucus and pancreatic juice in the duodenum. Bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice is secreted after the acidic chyme enters the duodenum. What is the buffering effect in the duodenum? […]

Can you put pulse ox on forehead? Although finger sensors have not been designed to accurately measure arterial oxygen saturation when placed on other body parts, they are used on the forehead when an oximetry waveform cannot be obtained from the finger. Therefore, disposable finger oximetry sensors should not be placed on the forehead. Where […]

What type of variable is measured? A measurement variable is an unknown attribute that measures a particular entity and can take one or more values. It is commonly used for scientific research purposes. Unlike in mathematics, measurement variables can not only take quantitative values but can also take qualitative values in statistics. What are the […]

How does the immune system respond? The immune system recognizes and destroys, or tries to destroy, substances that contain antigens. Your body’s cells have proteins that are antigens. These include a group of antigens called HLA antigens. Your immune system learns to see these antigens as normal and usually does not react against them. What […]

What marks the changes in eras on the geologic time scale? Eons are divided into smaller time intervals known as eras. In the time scale above you can see that the Phanerozoic is divided into three eras: Cenozoic, Mesozoic and Paleozoic. Very significant events in Earth’s history are used to determine the boundaries of the […]