What is oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer?
What is oxidation and reduction in terms of electron transfer?
Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state of an atom, an ion, or of certain atoms in a molecule. Reduction is the gain of electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state of an atom, an ion, or of certain atoms in a molecule (a reduction in oxidation state).
Why is this electron transfer called an oxidation-reduction process?
Most oxidation-reduction (redox) processes involve the transfer of oxygen atoms, hydrogen atoms, or electrons, with all three processes sharing two important characteristics: (1) they are coupled—i.e., in any oxidation reaction a reciprocal reduction occurs, and (2) they involve a characteristic net chemical change— …
Is C o2 co2 a redox reaction?
This reaction, a combustion reactions with molecular oxygen, is also a redox reaction. When we use this method for the reaction of C to CO2, the C in carbon dioxide has an oxidation number of 4+ while the two oxygens have an oxidation number of 2- .
What are transferred in an oxidation-reduction reaction?
An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves a transfer of electrons between two species. An oxidation-reduction reaction is any chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron.
What is reducing agent example?
Common reducing agents include metals potassium, calcium, barium, sodium and magnesium, and also compounds that contain the H− ion, those being NaH, LiH, LiAlH4 and CaH2. Some elements and compounds can be both reducing or oxidizing agents.
Is Fe2+ a reducing agent?
Solution 2 Cr2+ is a stronger reducing agent than Fe2+. This is because E°(Cr3+/Cr2+) is negative (- 0.41V) whereas E°(Fe3+/Fe2+) is positive (+ 0.77 V). Thus, Cr2+ is easily oxidised to Fe3+ but Fe2+ cannot be easily oxidised to Fe3+.
Which is better reducing agent Cr2+ or Fe2+?
Answer: Cr2+ is a stronger reducing agent than Fe2+. This can be explained on the basis of the standard electrode potential values E°(Cr3+/Cr2+ = –0.41 V) and E° (Fe3+/Fe2+ = + 0.77 V). Thus Cr2+ is easily oxidised to Cr3+ but Fe2+ cannot be as readily oxidised to Fe3+.
Why Fe2+ is easily oxidized to Fe3+?
Fe2+ is easy to oxidize to Fe3+ because removing the electron results in a half filled d subshell. Fe2+ is easy to oxidize to Fe3+ because ions with an odd charge are most stable for atoms with an even atomic number.
What is metal reactivity?
The reactivity series of metals is a chart listing metals in order of decreasing reactivity. In general, the more reactive a metal is: the more vigorously it reacts with other substances. the more easily it loses electrons to form positive ions (cations)
What is the electron configuration for Fe 2+?
The electronic configuration of Fe2+ is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d6 and Fe3+ is 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5.
Why Fe3+ exists more commonly than Fe2+?
Fe3+ ion is more stable due to its half-filled 3d5 electron configuration. As half filled and completely filled shells are more stable Fe3+ ion is more stable. While Fe2+ is not stable.
Why is FeCl2 formed instead of FeCl3?
Formation of FeCl2 takes place because it is thermodynamically more stable compound. Moreover when it reacts with the HCl, metal displaces H from the reaction which can be seen from the following reaction.
Why are Mn2+ compounds more stable than Fe2+?
Why are Mn2+ compounds more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to their +3 state ? Answer: Since Mn2+ has stable half filled electronic configuration, therefore Mn2+ compounds are more stable than Fe2+ towards oxidation to their +3 state. Fe2+(3d6) can lose one electron easily to give Fe3+(3d5, stable configuration).
Why iron is more stable in +3 oxidation state than in +2 and the reverse is true for manganese?
Fe3+ is more stable than Fe2+ because Fe3+ has exactly half filled d- orbitals which give the stability to Fe3+ while Fe2+ has 3d6 electronic configuration. Because of half filled d orbital it is more stable in +2 state than in +3.